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Introduction
Introduction
This page focuses on electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions. In addition, a few other useful reactions are discussed that may change the identity of groups attached to the aromatic ring.
Mechanisms
Mechanisms
Bromination of benzene using Br2 and FeBr3
Bromination of benzene using Br2 and FeBr3
Chlorination of benzene using Cl2 and AlCl3
Chlorination of benzene using Cl2 and AlCl3
Sulfonation of benzene using fuming H2SO4
Sulfonation of benzene using fuming H2SO4
Removing the sulfonic acid from benzesulfonic acid with dilute H2SO4
Removing the sulfonic acid from benzesulfonic acid with dilute H2SO4
Nitration of benzene using HNO3 and H2SO4
Nitration of benzene using HNO3 and H2SO4
Reduction of a nitro group using iron or zinc and HCl
Reduction of a nitro group using iron or zinc and HCl
Acylation of an amino group with acetyl chloride, and then reversal with either NaOH or acid
Acylation of an amino group with acetyl chloride, and then reversal with either NaOH or acid
Aryldiazonium reactions
Aryldiazonium reactions
Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene using sec-butyl chloride and AlCl3
Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene using sec-butyl chloride and AlCl3
Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene using an acyl chloride and AlCl3
Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene using an acyl chloride and AlCl3
Clemmensen reduction of an aryl keton with amalgamated zinc, HCl, and heat
Clemmensen reduction of an aryl keton with amalgamated zinc, HCl, and heat
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